#!/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# ------------------------------------------------------------

# opensecurityd

#   

# the opensecurityd as RESTful server

#

# Autor: Mihai Bartha, <mihai.bartha@ait.ac.at>

#

# Copyright (C) 2013 AIT Austrian Institute of Technology

# AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH

# Donau-City-Strasse 1 | 1220 Vienna | Austria

# http://www.ait.ac.at

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License

# as published by the Free Software Foundation version 2.

# 

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

# 

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, 

# Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.

# ------------------------------------------------------------

# ------------------------------------------------------------

# imports

import os

import os.path

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, call, STARTUPINFO, _subprocess

import sys

import re

from cygwin import Cygwin

from environment import Environment

import threading

import time

import string

import shutil

import stat

import tempfile

from opensecurity_util import logger, setupLogger, OpenSecurityException, showTrayMessage

import ctypes

import itertools

import win32api

import win32con

import win32security

import win32wnet

import urllib

import urllib2

import unittest

DEBUG = True

new_sdvm_lock = threading.Lock()

class VMManagerException(Exception):

    def __init__(self, value):

        self.value = value

    def __str__(self):

        return repr(self.value)

class USBFilter:

    uuid = ""

    vendorid = ""

    productid = ""

    revision = ""

    serial = ""

    def __init__(self, uuid, vendorid, productid, revision, serial):

        self.uuid = uuid

        self.vendorid = vendorid.lower()

        self.productid = productid.lower()

        self.revision = revision.lower()

        self.serial = serial

        return

    def __eq__(self, other):

        return self.uuid == other.uuid #self.vendorid == other.vendorid and self.productid == other.productid and self.revision == other.revision

    def __hash__(self):

        return hash(self.uuid) ^ hash(self.vendorid) ^ hash(self.productid) ^ hash(self.revision) ^ hash(self.serial)

    def __repr__(self):

        return "UUID:" + str(self.uuid) + " VendorId = \'" + str(self.vendorid) + "\' ProductId = \'" + str(self.productid) + "\'" + "\' Revision = \'" + str(self.revision) + "\' SerialNumber = \'" + str(self.serial)

    #def __getitem__(self, item):

    #    return self.coords[item]

def once(theClass):

    theClass.systemProperties = theClass.getSystemProperties()

    theClass.machineFolder =    theClass.systemProperties["Default machine folder"]

    theClass.hostonlyIFs =      theClass.getHostOnlyIFs()

    theClass.blacklistedRSD =   theClass.loadRSDBlacklist()

    return theClass

@once

class VMManager(object):

    vmRootName = "SecurityDVM"

    systemProperties = None

    _instance = None

    machineFolder = ''

    rsdHandler = None

    hostonlyIFs = None

    browsingManager = None

    blacklistedRSD = None

    status_message = 'Starting up...'

    def __init__(self):

        # only proceed if we have a working background environment

        if self.backend_ok():

            self.cleanup()

        else:

            logger.critical(self.status_message)

    @staticmethod

    def getInstance():

        if VMManager._instance == None:

            VMManager._instance = VMManager()

        return VMManager._instance

    #list the hostonly IFs exposed by the VBox host

    @staticmethod    

    def getHostOnlyIFs():

        result = Cygwin.vboxExecute('list hostonlyifs')[1]

        if result=='':

            return None

        props = dict((k.strip(),v.strip().strip('"')) for k,v in (line.split(':', 1) for line in result.strip().splitlines()))

        return props    

    # return hosty system properties

    @staticmethod

    def getSystemProperties():

        result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('list systemproperties'))

        if result[1]=='':

            return None

        props = dict((k.strip(),v.strip().strip('"')) for k,v in (line.split(':', 1) for line in result[1].strip().splitlines()))

        return props

    # return the folder containing the guest VMs     

    def getMachineFolder(self):

        return VMManager.machineFolder

    def backend_ok(self):

        """check if the backend (VirtualBox) is sufficient for our task"""

        # ensure we have our system props

        if VMManager.systemProperties == None:

            VMManager.systemProperties = self.getSystemProperties()

        if VMManager.systemProperties == None:

            self.status_message = 'Failed to get backend system properties. Is Backend (VirtualBox?) installed?'

            return False

        # check for existing Extension pack

        if not 'Remote desktop ExtPack' in VMManager.systemProperties:

            self.status_message = 'No remote desktop extension pack found. Please install the "Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack" from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads.'

            return False

        if VMManager.systemProperties['Remote desktop ExtPack'] == 'Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack ':

            self.status_message = 'Unsure if suitable extension pack is installed. Please install the "Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack" from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads.'

            return False

        # check if we do have our root VMs installed

        vms = self.listVM()

        if not self.vmRootName in vms:

            self.status_message = 'Unable to locate root SecurityDVM. Please download and setup the initial image.'

            return False

        # basically all seems nice and ready to rumble

        self.status_message = 'All is ok.'

        return True

    def stop(self):

        if self.rsdHandler != None:

            self.rsdHandler.stop()

            self.rsdHandler.join()

            self.rsdHandler = None

        if self.browsingManager != None:

            self.browsingManager.stop()

            self.browsingManager.join()

            self.browsingManager = None

    def start(self):

        self.stop()

        self.browsingManager = BrowsingManager(self)

        self.browsingManager.start()

        self.rsdHandler = DeviceHandler(self)

        self.rsdHandler.start()

    def cleanup(self):

        self.stop()

        ip = self.getHostOnlyIP(None)

        try:

            result = urllib2.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:8090/netcleanup?'+'hostonly_ip='+ip).readline()

        except urllib2.URLError:

            logger.info("Network drive cleanup all skipped. OpenSecurity Tray client not started yet.")

        for vm in self.listSDVM():

            self.poweroffVM(vm)

            self.removeVM(vm)

    # list all existing VMs registered with VBox

    def listVM(self):

        result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('list vms'))[1]

        vms = list(k.strip().strip('"') for k,_ in (line.split(' ') for line in result.splitlines()))

        return vms

    # list running VMs

    def listRunningVMS(self):

        result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('list runningvms'))[1]

        vms = list(k.strip().strip('"') for k,_ in (line.split(' ') for line in result.splitlines()))

        return vms

    # list existing SDVMs

    def listSDVM(self):

        vms = self.listVM()

        svdms = []

        for vm in vms:

            if vm.startswith(self.vmRootName) and vm != self.vmRootName:

                svdms.append(vm)

        return svdms

    # generate valid (not already existing SDVM name). necessary for creating a new VM

    def genSDVMName(self):

        vms = self.listVM()

        for i in range(0,999):

            if(not self.vmRootName+str(i) in vms):

                return self.vmRootName+str(i)

        return ''

    @staticmethod

    def loadRSDBlacklist():

        blacklist = dict()

        try:

            fo = open(Environment('OpenSecurity').prefix_path +"\\bin\\blacklist.usb", "r")

        except IOError:

            logger.error("Could not open RSD blacklist file.")

            return blacklist

        lines = fo.readlines()

        for line in lines:

            if line != "":  

                parts = line.strip().split(' ')

                blacklist[parts[0].lower()] = parts[1].lower()

        return blacklist

    @staticmethod

    def isBlacklisted(device):

        if VMManager.blacklistedRSD:

            blacklisted = device.vendorid.lower() in VMManager.blacklistedRSD.keys() and device.productid.lower() == VMManager.blacklistedRSD[device.vendorid]

            return blacklisted

        return False 

    # check if the device is mass storage type

    @staticmethod

    def isMassStorageDevice(device):

        keyname = 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USB' + '\VID_' + device.vendorid+'&'+'PID_'+ device.productid

        key = win32api.RegOpenKey(win32con.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, keyname)

        devinfokeyname = win32api.RegEnumKey(key, 0)

        win32api.RegCloseKey(key)

        devinfokey = win32api.RegOpenKey(win32con.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, keyname+'\\'+devinfokeyname)

        value = win32api.RegQueryValueEx(devinfokey, 'SERVICE')[0]

        win32api.RegCloseKey(devinfokey)

        return 'USBSTOR' in value

    # return the RSDs connected to the host

    @staticmethod

    def getExistingRSDs():

        results = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('list usbhost'))[1]

        results = results.split('Host USB Devices:')[1].strip()

        items = list( "UUID:"+result for result in results.split('UUID:') if result != '')

        rsds = dict()   

        for item in items:

            props = dict()

            for line in item.splitlines():     

                if line != "":         

                    k,v = line[:line.index(':')].strip(), line[line.index(':')+1:].strip()

                    props[k] = v

            uuid = re.search(r"(?P<uuid>[0-9A-Fa-f\-]+)", props['UUID']).groupdict()['uuid']

            vid = re.search(r"\((?P<vid>[0-9A-Fa-f]+)\)", props['VendorId']).groupdict()['vid']

            pid = re.search(r"\((?P<pid>[0-9A-Fa-f]+)\)", props['ProductId']).groupdict()['pid']

            rev = re.search(r"\((?P<rev>[0-9A-Fa-f]+)\)", props['Revision']).groupdict()['rev']

            serial = None

            if 'SerialNumber' in props.keys():

                serial = re.search(r"(?P<ser>[0-9A-Fa-f]+)", props['SerialNumber']).groupdict()['ser']

            usb_filter = USBFilter( uuid, vid, pid, rev, serial)

            if VMManager.isMassStorageDevice(usb_filter) and not VMManager.isBlacklisted(usb_filter):

                rsds[uuid] = usb_filter

                logger.debug(usb_filter)

        return rsds

    #def getAttachedRSD(self, vm_name):

    #    props = self.getVMInfo(vm_name)

    #    keys = set(['USBFilterVendorId1', 'USBFilterProductId1', 'USBFilterRevision1', 'USBFilterSerialNumber1'])

    #    keyset = set(props.keys())

    #    usb_filter = None

    #    if keyset.issuperset(keys):

    #        usb_filter = USBFilter(props['USBFilterVendorId1'], props['USBFilterProductId1'], props['USBFilterRevision1'])

    #    return usb_filter

    # return the attached USB device as usb descriptor for an existing VM 

    def getAttachedRSD(self, vm_name):

        props = self.getVMInfo(vm_name)

        keys = set(['USBAttachedUUID1', 'USBAttachedVendorId1', 'USBAttachedProductId1', 'USBAttachedRevision1', 'USBAttachedSerialNumber1'])

        keyset = set(props.keys())

        usb_filter = None

        if keyset.issuperset(keys):

            usb_filter = USBFilter(props['USBAttachedUUID1'], props['USBAttachedVendorId1'], props['USBAttachedProductId1'], props['USBAttachedRevision1'], props['USBAttachedSerialNumber1'])

        return usb_filter

    # return the RSDs attached to all existing SDVMs

    def getAttachedRSDs(self):

        vms = self.listSDVM()

        attached_devices = dict()

        for vm in vms:

            rsd_filter = self.getAttachedRSD(vm)

            if rsd_filter != None:

                attached_devices[vm] = rsd_filter

        return attached_devices

    # attach removable storage device to VM by provision of filter

    def attachRSD(self, vm_name, rsd_filter):

        #return Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('usbfilter add 0 --target ' + vm_name + ' --name OpenSecurityRSD --vendorid ' + rsd_filter.vendorid + ' --productid ' + rsd_filter.productid + ' --revision ' + rsd_filter.revision + ' --serialnumber ' + rsd_filter.serial))

        return Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('controlvm ' + vm_name + ' usbattach ' + rsd_filter.uuid ))

    # detach removable storage from VM by 

    def detachRSD(self, vm_name, rsd_filter):

        #return Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('usbfilter remove 0 --target ' + vm_name))

        return Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('controlvm ' + vm_name + ' usbdetach ' + rsd_filter.uuid ))

    # configures hostonly networking and DHCP server. requires admin rights

    def configureHostNetworking(self):

        #cmd = 'vboxmanage list hostonlyifs'

        #Cygwin.vboxExecute(cmd)

        #cmd = 'vboxmanage hostonlyif remove \"VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter\"'

        #Cygwin.vboxExecute(cmd)

        #cmd = 'vboxmanage hostonlyif create'

        #Cygwin.vboxExecute(cmd)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('hostonlyif ipconfig \"VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter\" --ip 192.168.56.1 --netmask 255.255.255.0'))

        #cmd = 'vboxmanage dhcpserver add'

        #Cygwin.vboxExecute(cmd)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('dhcpserver modify --ifname \"VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter\" --ip 192.168.56.100 --netmask 255.255.255.0 --lowerip 192.168.56.101 --upperip 192.168.56.200'))

    def isSDVMExisting(self, vm_name):

        sdvms = self.listSDVM()

        return vm_name in sdvms

    #create new virtual machine instance based on template vm named SecurityDVM (\SecurityDVM\SecurityDVM.vmdk)

    def createVM(self, vm_name):

        if self.isSDVMExisting(vm_name):

            return

        #remove eventually existing SDVM folder

        machineFolder = Cygwin.cygPath(VMManager.machineFolder)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/rm -rf \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '\\\"'))

        hostonly_if = self.getHostOnlyIFs()

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('createvm --name ' + vm_name + ' --ostype Debian --register'))

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('modifyvm ' + vm_name + ' --memory 768 --vram 10 --cpus 1 --usb on --usbehci on --nic1 hostonly --hostonlyadapter1 \"' + hostonly_if['Name'] + '\" --nic2 nat'))

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('storagectl ' + vm_name + ' --name SATA --add sata --portcount 2'))

    #create new SecurityDVM with automatically generated name from template (thread safe)        

    def newSDVM(self):

        with new_sdvm_lock:

            vm_name = self.genSDVMName()

            self.createVM(vm_name)

        return vm_name

    # attach storage image to controller

    def storageAttach(self, vm_name):

        if self.isStorageAttached(vm_name):

            self.storageDetach(vm_name)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('storageattach ' + vm_name + ' --storagectl SATA --port 0 --device 0 --type hdd --medium \"'+ VMManager.machineFolder + '\SecurityDVM\SecurityDVM.vmdk\"'))

    # return true if storage is attached 

    def isStorageAttached(self, vm_name):

        info = self.getVMInfo(vm_name)

        return (info['SATA-0-0']!='none')

    # detach storage from controller

    def storageDetach(self, vm_name):

        if self.isStorageAttached(vm_name):

            Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('storageattach ' + vm_name + ' --storagectl SATA --port 0 --device 0 --type hdd --medium none'))

    def changeStorageType(self, filename, storage_type):

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('modifyhd \"' + filename + '\" --type ' + storage_type))

    # list storage snaphots for VM

    def updateTemplate(self):

        self.stop()

        self.cleanup()

        self.poweroffVM(self.vmRootName)

        self.waitShutdown(self.vmRootName)

        # check for updates

        self.genCertificateISO(self.vmRootName)

        self.attachCertificateISO(self.vmRootName)

        #templateUUID = self.getVMInfo(self.vmRootName)["SATA-ImageUUID-0-0"] #TODO: // verify value

        templateUUID = self.getTemplateUUID()

        self.storageDetach(self.vmRootName)

        self.removeSnapshots(templateUUID)

        template_storage = VMManager.machineFolder + '\\' + self.vmRootName + '\\' + self.vmRootName + '.vmdk'

        #TODO:// modify to take vm name as argument

        self.changeStorageType(template_storage,'normal')

        self.storageAttach(self.vmRootName)

        self.startVM(self.vmRootName)

        self.waitStartup(self.vmRootName, timeout_ms = 30000)

        tmp_ip = self.getHostOnlyIP(self.vmRootName)

        tmp_machine_folder = Cygwin.cygPath(VMManager.machineFolder)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshExecute('"sudo apt-get -y update"', tmp_ip, 'osecuser', tmp_machine_folder + '/' + self.vmRootName + '/dvm_key'))

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshExecute('"sudo apt-get -y upgrade"', tmp_ip, 'osecuser', tmp_machine_folder + '/' + self.vmRootName + '/dvm_key'))

        #check if reboot is required

        result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshExecute('"if [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ]; then echo \\\"Yes\\\"; fi"', tmp_ip, 'osecuser', tmp_machine_folder + '/' + self.vmRootName + '/dvm_key'))

        if "Yes" in result[1]:

            self.stopVM(self.vmRootName)

            self.waitShutdown(self.vmRootName)

            self.startVM(self.vmRootName)

            self.waitStartup(self.vmRootName)

        #self.hibernateVM(self.vmRootName)

        self.stopVM(self.vmRootName)

        self.waitShutdown(self.vmRootName)

        self.storageDetach(self.vmRootName)

        self.changeStorageType(template_storage,'immutable')

        self.storageAttach(self.vmRootName)

        #self.start()

    #"SATA-0-0"="C:\Users\BarthaM\VirtualBox VMs\SecurityDVM\Snapshots\{d0af827d-f13a-49be-8ac1-df20b13bda83}.vmdk"

    #"SATA-ImageUUID-0-0"="d0af827d-f13a-49be-8ac1-df20b13bda83"

    @staticmethod    

    def getDiskImages():

        results = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('list hdds'))[1]

        results = results.replace('Parent UUID', 'Parent')

        items = list( "UUID:"+result for result in results.split('UUID:') if result != '')

        snaps = dict()   

        for item in items:

            props = dict()

            for line in item.splitlines():

                if line != "":         

                    k,v = line[:line.index(':')].strip(), line[line.index(':')+1:].strip()

                    props[k] = v;

            snaps[props['UUID']] = props

        return snaps

    @staticmethod 

    def getTemplateUUID():

        images = VMManager.getDiskImages()

        template_storage = VMManager.machineFolder + '\\' + VMManager.vmRootName + '\\' + VMManager.vmRootName + '.vmdk'

        # find template uuid

        template_uuid = None

        for hdd in images.values():

            if hdd['Location'] == template_storage:

                template_uuid = hdd['UUID']

                break

        return template_uuid

    def removeSnapshots(self, imageUUID):

        snaps = self.getDiskImages()

        # remove snapshots 

        for hdd in snaps.values():

            if hdd['Parent'] == imageUUID:

                snapshotUUID = hdd['UUID']

                self.removeImage(snapshotUUID)

    def removeImage(self, imageUUID):

        logger.debug('removing snapshot ' + imageUUID)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('closemedium disk {' + imageUUID + '} --delete'))#[1]

        # parse result 0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

    #remove VM from the system. should be used on VMs returned by listSDVMs    

    def removeVM(self, vm_name):

        logger.info('Removing ' + vm_name)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('unregistervm ' + vm_name + ' --delete'))

        #TODO:// try to close medium if still existing

        #Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('closemedium disk {' + hdd['UUID'] + '} --delete'))#[1]

        self.removeVMFolder(vm_name)

    def removeVMFolder(self, vm_name):

        machineFolder = Cygwin.cygPath(VMManager.machineFolder)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/rm -rf \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '\\\"'))

    # start VM

    def startVM(self, vm_name):

        logger.info('Starting ' +  vm_name)

        #TODO: modify to use Cygwin.checkResult() of make it retry 3 times

        result = Cygwin.vboxExecute('startvm ' + vm_name + ' --type headless' )

        while 'successfully started' not in result[1]:

            logger.error("Failed to start SDVM: " + vm_name + " retrying")

            logger.error("Command returned:\n" + result[2])

            time.sleep(1)

            result = Cygwin.vboxExecute('startvm ' + vm_name + ' --type headless')

        return result[0]

    # return wether VM is running or not

    def isVMRunning(self, vm_name):

        return vm_name in self.listRunningVMS()    

    # stop VM

    def stopVM(self, vm_name):

        logger.info('Sending shutdown signal to ' + vm_name)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshExecute( '"sudo shutdown -h now"', self.getHostOnlyIP(vm_name), 'osecuser', Cygwin.cygPath(VMManager.machineFolder) + '/' + vm_name + '/dvm_key' ))

    # stop VM

    def hibernateVM(self, vm_name):

        logger.info('Sending hibernate-disk signal to ' + vm_name)

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshBackgroundExecute( '"sudo hibernate-disk"', self.getHostOnlyIP(vm_name), 'osecuser', Cygwin.cygPath(VMManager.machineFolder) + '/' + vm_name + '/dvm_key', wait_return=False))

    # poweroff VM

    def poweroffVM(self, vm_name):

        if not self.isVMRunning(vm_name):

            return

        logger.info('Powering off ' + vm_name)

        return Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('controlvm ' + vm_name + ' poweroff'))

    # return the hostOnly IP for a running guest or the host    

    def getHostOnlyIP(self, vm_name):

        if vm_name == None:

            logger.info('Getting hostOnly IP address for Host')

            #TODO:// optimise to store on init local variable and return that value (avoid calling list hostonlyifs)

            return VMManager.hostonlyIFs['IPAddress']

        else:

            logger.info('Getting hostOnly IP address ' + vm_name)

            result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('guestproperty get ' + vm_name + ' /VirtualBox/GuestInfo/Net/0/V4/IP'))

            if result=='':

                return None

            result = result[1]

            if result.startswith('No value set!'):

                return None

            return result[result.index(':')+1:].strip()

    # return the description set for an existing VM

    def getVMInfo(self, vm_name):

        results = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('showvminfo ' + vm_name + ' --machinereadable'))[1]

        props = dict((k.strip().strip('"'),v.strip().strip('"')) for k,v in (line.split('=', 1) for line in results.splitlines()))

        return props

    #generates ISO containing authorized_keys for use with guest VM

    def genCertificateISO(self, vm_name):

        machineFolder = Cygwin.cygPath(VMManager.machineFolder)

        # remove .ssh folder if exists

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/rm -rf \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh\\\"'))

        # remove .ssh folder if exists

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/rm -rf \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/dvm_key\\\"'))

        # create .ssh folder in vm_name

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/mkdir -p \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh\\\"'))

        # generate dvm_key pair in vm_name / .ssh     

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/ssh-keygen -q -t rsa -N \\\"\\\" -C \\\"' + vm_name + '\\\" -f \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh/dvm_key\\\"'))

        # move out private key

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/mv \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh/dvm_key\\\" \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '\\\"'))

        # set permissions for private key

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/chmod 500 \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/dvm_key\\\"'))

        # rename public key to authorized_keys

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/mv \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh/dvm_key.pub\\\" \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh/authorized_keys\\\"'))

        # set permissions for authorized_keys

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/chmod 500 \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh/authorized_keys\\\"'))

        # generate iso image with .ssh/authorized keys

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/genisoimage -J -R -o \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/'+ vm_name + '.iso\\\" \\\"' + machineFolder + '/' + vm_name + '/.ssh\\\"'))

    # attaches generated ssh public cert to guest vm

    def attachCertificateISO(self, vm_name):

        result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('storageattach ' + vm_name + ' --storagectl SATA --port 1 --device 0 --type dvddrive --mtype readonly --medium \"' + VMManager.machineFolder + '\\' + vm_name + '\\'+ vm_name + '.iso\"'))

        return result

    # wait for machine to come up

    def waitStartup(self, vm_name, timeout_ms = 1000):

        Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.vboxExecute('guestproperty wait ' + vm_name + ' SDVMStarted --timeout ' + str(timeout_ms) + ' --fail-on-timeout', try_count = 60))

        return self.getHostOnlyIP(vm_name)

    # wait for machine to shutdown

    def waitShutdown(self, vm_name):

        while vm_name in self.listRunningVMS():

            time.sleep(1)

        return

    #Small function to check if the mentioned location is a directory

    def isDirectory(self, path):

        result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.cmdExecute('dir ' + path + ' | FIND ".."'))

        return string.find(result[1], 'DIR',)

    def genNetworkDrive(self):

        logical_drives = VMManager.getLogicalDrives()

        logger.info("Used logical drive letters: "+ str(logical_drives).strip('[]') )

        drives = list(map(chr, range(68, 91)))  

        for drive in drives:

            if drive not in logical_drives:

                return drive

    @staticmethod

    def getLogicalDrives():

        drive_bitmask = ctypes.cdll.kernel32.GetLogicalDrives()

        drives = list(itertools.compress(string.ascii_uppercase,  map(lambda x:ord(x) - ord('0'), bin(drive_bitmask)[:1:-1])))

        return drives

    @staticmethod

    def getDriveType(drive):

        return ctypes.cdll.kernel32.GetDriveTypeW(u"%s:\\"%drive)

    @staticmethod

    def getNetworkPath(drive):

        return win32wnet.WNetGetConnection(drive+':')

    @staticmethod

    def getVolumeInfo(drive):

        volumeNameBuffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)

        fileSystemNameBuffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)

        serial_number = None

        max_component_length = None

        file_system_flags = None

        rc = ctypes.cdll.kernel32.GetVolumeInformationW(

            u"%s:\\"%drive,

            volumeNameBuffer,

            ctypes.sizeof(volumeNameBuffer),

            serial_number,

            max_component_length,

            file_system_flags,

            fileSystemNameBuffer,

            ctypes.sizeof(fileSystemNameBuffer)

        )

        return volumeNameBuffer.value, fileSystemNameBuffer.value

    def getNetworkDrive(self, vm_name):

        ip = self.getHostOnlyIP(vm_name)

        if ip == None:

            logger.error("Failed getting hostonly IP for " + vm_name)

            return None

        logger.info("Got IP address for " + vm_name + ': ' + ip)

        for drive in VMManager.getLogicalDrives():

            #if is a network drive

            if VMManager.getDriveType(drive) == 4:

                network_path = VMManager.getNetworkPath(drive)

                if ip in network_path:

                    return drive

        return None

    def getNetworkDrives(self):

        ip = self.getHostOnlyIP(None)

        if ip == None:

            logger.error("Failed getting hostonly IP for system")

            return None

        logger.info("Got IP address for system: " + ip)

        ip = ip[:ip.rindex('.')]

        network_drives = dict()

        for drive in VMManager.getLogicalDrives():

            #if is a network drive

            if VMManager.getDriveType(drive) == 4:

                network_path = VMManager.getNetworkPath(drive)

                if ip in network_path:

                    network_drives[drive] = network_path  

        return network_drives

    # handles browsing request    

    def handleBrowsingRequest(self):

        showTrayMessage('Starting Secure Browsing...', 7000)

        handler = BrowsingHandler(self)

        handler.start()

        return 'ok'

    def getActiveUserName(self):

        key = win32api.RegOpenKey(win32con.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, 'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Authentication\LogonUI')

        v = str(win32api.RegQueryValueEx(key, 'LastLoggedOnUser')[0])

        win32api.RegCloseKey(key)

        user_name = win32api.ExpandEnvironmentStrings(v)

        return user_name

    def getUserSID(self, user_name):

        domain, user = user_name.split("\\")

        account_name = win32security.LookupAccountName(domain, user)

        if account_name == None:

            logger.error("Failed lookup account name for user " + user_name)

            return None

        sid = win32security.ConvertSidToStringSid(account_name[0])

        if sid == None:

            logger.error("Failed converting SID for account " + account_name[0])

            return None

        return sid

    def getAppDataDir(self, sid):    

        key = win32api.RegOpenKey(win32con.HKEY_USERS, sid + '\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders')

        value, type = win32api.RegQueryValueEx(key, "AppData")

        win32api.RegCloseKey(key)

        return value

        #key = win32api.RegOpenKey(win32con.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, 'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList' + '\\' + sid)

        #value, type = win32api.RegQueryValueEx(key, "ProfileImagePath")

        #print value

    def backupFile(self, src, dest):

        certificate = Cygwin.cygPath(self.getMachineFolder()) + '/' + self.browsingManager.vm_name + '/dvm_key'

        command = '-r -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -i "' + certificate + '" "osecuser@' + self.browsingManager.ip_addr + ':' + src + '" "' + dest + '"'

        return Cygwin.execute(Cygwin.cygwin_scp, command, wait_return=True, window=False)

    def restoreFile(self, src, dest):

        certificate = Cygwin.cygPath(self.getMachineFolder()) + '/' + self.browsingManager.vm_name + '/dvm_key'

        #command = '-r -v -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -i \"' + certificate + '\" \"' + src + '\" \"osecuser@' + self.browsingManager.ip_addr + ':' + dest + '\"'

        command = '-r -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -i "' + certificate + '" "' + src + '" "osecuser@' + self.browsingManager.ip_addr + ':' + dest + '"'

        return Cygwin.execute(Cygwin.cygwin_scp, command, wait_return=True, window=False)    

#handles browsing session creation 

class BrowsingHandler(threading.Thread):

    vmm = None

    def __init__(self, vmmanager):

         threading.Thread.__init__(self)

         self.vmm = vmmanager

    def run(self):

        #browser = '\\\"/usr/bin/chromium; pidof dbus-launch | xargs kill\\\"'

        browser = '\\\"/usr/bin/chromium\\\"'

        try:

            self.vmm.browsingManager.started.wait() 

            result = Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshExecuteX11(browser, self.vmm.browsingManager.ip_addr, 'osecuser', Cygwin.cygPath(self.vmm.getMachineFolder()) + '/' + self.vmm.browsingManager.vm_name + '/dvm_key'))

            self.vmm.backupFile('/home/osecuser/.config/chromium', self.vmm.browsingManager.appDataDir + '/OpenSecurity/')

        except:

            logger.info("BrowsingHandler closing. Restarting browsing SDVM.")

        self.vmm.browsingManager.restart.set()

# handles browsing Vm creation and destruction                    

class BrowsingManager(threading.Thread):   

    vmm = None

    running = True

    restart = None

    ip_addr = None

    vm_name = None

    net_resource = None

    appDataDir = None

    def __init__(self, vmmanager):

        threading.Thread.__init__(self)

        self.vmm = vmmanager

        self.restart = threading.Event()

        self.started = threading.Event()

    def stop(self):

        self.running = False

        self.restart.set()   

    def run(self):

        while self.running:

            self.restart.clear()

            self.started.clear()

            if self.net_resource == None:

                logger.info("Missing browsing SDVM's network share. Skipping disconnect")

            else:

                try:

                    browsing_vm = urllib2.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:8090/netumount?'+'net_resource='+self.net_resource).readline()

                    self.net_resource = None

                except urllib2.URLError:

                    logger.error("Network share disconnect failed. OpenSecurity Tray client not running.")

                    continue

            self.ip_addr = None

            if self.vm_name != None:

                self.vmm.poweroffVM(self.vm_name)

                self.vmm.removeVM(self.vm_name)

            try:

                self.vm_name = self.vmm.newSDVM()

                self.vmm.storageAttach(self.vm_name)

                self.vmm.genCertificateISO(self.vm_name)

                self.vmm.attachCertificateISO(self.vm_name)

                self.vmm.startVM(self.vm_name)

                self.ip_addr = self.vmm.waitStartup(self.vm_name, timeout_ms=30000)

                if self.ip_addr == None:

                    logger.error("Failed to get ip address")

                    continue

                else:

                    logger.info("Got IP address for " + self.vm_name + ' ' + self.ip_addr)

                try:

                    self.net_resource = '\\\\' + self.ip_addr + '\\Download'

                    result = urllib2.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:8090/netmount?'+'net_resource='+self.net_resource).readline()

                except urllib2.URLError:

                    logger.error("Network drive connect failed. OpenSecurity Tray client not running.")

                    self.net_resource = None

                    continue

                user = self.vmm.getActiveUserName()

                if user == None:

                    logger.error("Cannot get active user name")

                    continue

                else:

                    logger.info('Got active user name ' + user)

                sid = self.vmm.getUserSID(user)

                if sid == None:

                    logger.error("Cannot get SID for active user")

                    continue

                else:

                    logger.info("Got active user SID " + sid + " for user " + user)

                path = self.vmm.getAppDataDir(sid)

                if path == None:

                    logger.error("Cannot get AppDataDir for active user")

                    continue

                else:

                    logger.info("Got AppData dir for user " + user + ': ' + path)

                self.appDataDir = Cygwin.cygPath(path)

                logger.info("Restoring browser settings in AppData dir " + self.appDataDir)

                # create OpenSecurity settings dir on local machine user home /AppData/Roaming 

                Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/mkdir -p \\\"' + self.appDataDir + '/OpenSecurity\\\"'))

                # create chromium settings dir on local machine if not existing

                Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.bashExecute('/usr/bin/mkdir -p \\\"' + self.appDataDir + '/OpenSecurity/chromium\\\"'))

                # create chromium settings dir on remote machine if not existing

                Cygwin.checkResult(Cygwin.sshExecute('"mkdir -p \\\"/home/osecuser/.config\\\""', self.ip_addr, 'osecuser', Cygwin.cygPath(self.vmm.getMachineFolder()) + '/' + self.vm_name + '/dvm_key'))

                #restore settings on vm

                self.vmm.restoreFile(self.appDataDir + '/OpenSecurity/chromium', '/home/osecuser/.config/')

                self.started.set()

                logger.info("Browsing SDVM running.")

                self.restart.wait()

            except OpenSecurityException, e:

                logger.error(''.join(e))

            except:

                logger.error("Unexpected error: " + sys.exc_info()[0])

                logger.error("BrowsingHandler failed. Cleaning up")

                #self.running= False

class DeviceHandler(threading.Thread): 

    vmm = None

    existingRSDs = None

    attachedRSDs = None  

    running = True

    def __init__(self, vmmanger): 

        threading.Thread.__init__(self)

        self.vmm = vmmanger

    def stop(self):

        self.running = False

    def run(self):

        self.existingRSDs = dict()

        self.attachedRSDs = self.vmm.getAttachedRSDs()

        while self.running:

            tmp_rsds = self.vmm.getExistingRSDs()

            if tmp_rsds.keys() == self.existingRSDs.keys():

                logger.debug("Nothing's changed. sleep(3)")

                time.sleep(3)

                continue

            showTrayMessage('System changed.\nEvaluating...', 7000)

            logger.info("Something's changed")

            tmp_attached = self.attachedRSDs     

            for vm_name in tmp_attached.keys():

                if tmp_attached[vm_name] not in tmp_rsds.values():

                    ip = self.vmm.getHostOnlyIP(vm_name)

                    if ip == None:

                        logger.error("Failed getting hostonly IP for " + vm_name)

                        continue

                    try:

                        net_resource = '\\\\' + ip + '\\USB'

                        result = urllib2.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:8090/netumount?'+'net_resource='+net_resource).readline()

                    except urllib2.URLError:

                        logger.error("Network drive disconnect failed. OpenSecurity Tray client not running.")

                        continue

                    # detach not necessary as already removed from vm description upon disconnect

                    #self.vmm.detachRSD(vm_name, self.attachedRSDs[vm_name])

                    del self.attachedRSDs[vm_name]

                    self.vmm.poweroffVM(vm_name)

                    self.vmm.removeVM(vm_name)

                    #break

            #create new vms for new devices if any

            new_ip = None

            for new_device in tmp_rsds.values():

                showTrayMessage('Mounting device...', 7000)

                if (self.attachedRSDs and False) or (new_device not in self.attachedRSDs.values()):

                    new_sdvm = self.vmm.newSDVM()

                    self.vmm.storageAttach(new_sdvm)

                    self.vmm.startVM(new_sdvm)

                    new_ip = self.vmm.waitStartup(new_sdvm)

                    if new_ip == None:

                        logger.error("Error getting IP address of SDVM. Cleaning up.")

                        self.vmm.poweroffVM(new_sdvm)

                        self.vmm.removeVM(new_sdvm)

                        continue

                    else:

                        logger.info("Got IP address for " + new_sdvm + ' ' + new_ip)

                    try:

                        self.vmm.attachRSD(new_sdvm, new_device)

                        self.attachedRSDs[new_sdvm] = new_device

                    except:

                        logger.info("RSD prematurely removed. Cleaning up.")

                        self.vmm.poweroffVM(new_sdvm)

                        self.vmm.removeVM(new_sdvm)

                        continue

                    try:

                        net_resource = '\\\\' + new_ip + '\\USB'

                        result = urllib2.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:8090/netmount?'+'net_resource='+net_resource).readline()

                    except urllib2.URLError:

                        logger.error("Network drive connect failed (tray client not accessible). Cleaning up.")

                        self.vmm.poweroffVM(new_sdvm)

                        self.vmm.removeVM(new_sdvm)

                        continue

            self.existingRSDs = tmp_rsds